1. flying electron should run out of energy very quickly and spiral to collapse into the nucleus
2. protons, being positively charge, cant be packed together without repeling/ blowing each other
Neils Bohr, a young associate of Rutherford provide the answer for problem #1. he explained how electrons could keep from falling by suggesting that they could occupy only certain defined orbitals and not anywhere else. this famous idea of "Quantum Leap", (ability untuk muncul pada satu space to another space without dilihat/dikesan pada space perantaraan) was of course utterly strange. in short, electrons appeared in certain orbits because they only existed in certain orbits. Bohr earned his Nobel Prize in 1922 for this idea.
for problem #2, Rutherford, proposed neutrons, a neutral subparticles that can offsets the positive charge of protons. he got the idea... but it took 11 intensive years of hard works by James Chadwick to find neutrons in 1932. for this long, tiring job, he got his Nobel prize in 1935.
(macam belajar sejarah pula kann.. heehehehhee.. they say, its a blessing that neutrons tidak kena jumpa sampai 1932. because during those time, gap antara WW I and WW II and masa urang berebut-rebut buat senjata perang paling canggih. had they knew about neutrons earlier, especially the Germans... life on earth would be really different). as we knew, neutrons being neutrally charge can be fired to atom's nucleus to ignite the nuclear fission. and remember... remember... during those time, the powerfull and famous institutions of higher learning were all in Europe. ( bukan memang masih di sana kah??? kah! kah!!! so, i suppose to use a present tense there...)
bah.. back to atom. the strange behaviour of electron puzzled the academician. mostly because the electrons, sometimes behaved like a particles and sometimes like a wave (bah, elektron kena regard sebagai partikel kerana it can be at one location pada orbital.. but, at the same time, it can be everywhere in the orbital, macam pattern gelombang.. pergerakan terlalu pantas... nah kau...). so, how can we explain the behaviour of electron?
nah.. sini keluar si Erwin Schrodinger... an Austrian Physicist who refined the idea of electron being a particle and wave in his "Wave Mechanics". at the same time, a German physicist, Werner Heisenberg produce a competing theory of "Matrix Mechanics" based on a very complex maths calculations regarding electron's behaviour. the wikipedia url: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_mechanics
(paning sy mabuk tengok all those equaations...)
adui... paning sy baca tu schrodinger vs heisenberg theory...they eventually come to a compromise in 1926, by developing a new discipline called "Quantum Mechanics"
in short, Schrodinger provides a central of quantum mechanics ie: the description of how wavefunction of a physical system changes in time. while Heisenberg provides the formula to define quantum mechanics. soooo... what is this quantum mechanics all about?
aku mau 100 plus... i need to go out for lunch.. if it possible i'll add some more this afternoon.. if not.. and if you're still interested to read on...bah bisuk lah baru ada ni.. malas mau membaca and menaip... (aku rasa termotivasi bah pula membaca, kalau ada urang mendingar niiii..) ahaks! so self-centered kannn.. yay!
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